地壳内上升气流对物质的迁移及地气测量原理   总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21  

单纯菡  李巨初 《矿物岩石》1997,17(3):83-88

对地气采样片上地气物质状态观测，上升气流模拟模型以及扩散模型实验初步证明，地气物质是以纳米级微粒形式迁移；上升气流对物质的过移作用比物质扩散作用要强得多。结合对８个地区已知金矿地气测量成果，讨论了地气测量原理，认为是地壳内上升气流携带纳米级成矿物质至地表，在矿化体垂向投影的地表位置形成矿致地气异常。  相似文献   

地壳演化过程中铬铝云母标型性探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

鲁安怀  陈光远 《地质论评》1997,43(5):476-482

对于早期地壳性质及晚期地壳演化的研究一直是地质学界关注的课题,本文将以矿物系统发生史研究为指导,通过详细研究全球范围内103个(包括笔者完成的42个样品)铬铝云母样品在地壳中的分布规律及其化学成分和矿物种标型特征时空演化规律,认为早期地壳中幔源物质铬与壳源物质铝交互作用导致铬铝云母的形成,从而为认识早期地壳具有硅铝质组成提供了佐证。在晚期地壳演化尤其是成矿作用方面,提出了铬铝云母标型性特征,确立了铬铝云母在自然历史中固有的位置和作用。  相似文献   

福建省表壳元素丰度   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1  

蔡以评  郭小平 《福建地质》1997,16(3):105-109

按新一代福建省地质图的岩石地层和侵入岩谱系单位划分的岩石类型采样，经无污染加工，制备组合分析样，由国同３家权威实验室，用中子活化法等１５种分析手段，定量测试６２种元素，又按构造区和岩石类型制备大组合样测定１５种元素。采用福建地壳厚度３１．５ｋｍ，三分法地壳模型，计算福建省表壳、各地质构造单元、以及四大岩石类型的元素丰度，初步讨论福建省地壳与各地质构造单元的主要成分特征。  相似文献   

The composition of back-arc basin lower crust and upper mantle in the Mariana Trough: A first report   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Robert J.  Stern  Sherman H.  Bloomer  Fernando  Martinez  Toshitsugu  Yamazaki T. Mark  Harrison 《Island Arc》1996,5(3):354-372

Abstract The Mariana Trough is an active back-arc basin, with the rift propagating northward ahead of spreading. The northern part of the Trough is now rifting, with extension accommodated by combined stretching and igneous intrusion. Deep structural graben are found in a region of low heat flow, and we interpret these to manifest a low-angle normal fault system that defines the extension axis between 19°45' and 21°10'N. A single dredge haul from the deepest (∼5.5 km deep) of these graben recovered a heterogeneous suite of volcanic and plutonic crustal rocks and upper mantle peridotites, providing the first report of the deeper levels of back-arc basin lithosphere. Several lines of evidence indicate that these rocks are similar to typical back-arc basin lithosphere and are not fragments of rifted older arc lithosphere. Hornblende yielded an ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age of 1.8 ± 0.6 Ma, which is interpreted to approximate the time of crust formation. Harzburgite spinels have moderate Cr# (<40) and coexisting compositions of clinopyroxene (CPX) and plagioclase (PLAB) fall in the field of mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) gabbros. Crustal rocks include felsic rocks (70-80% SiO₂) and plutonic rocks that are rich in amphibole. Chemical compositions of crustal rocks show little evidence for a 'subduction component', and radiogenic isotopic compositions correspond to that expected for back-arc basin crust of the Mariana Trough. These data indicate that mechanical extension in this part of the Mariana Trough involves lithosphere that originally formed magmatically. These unique exposures of back-arc basin lithosphere call for careful study using ROVs and manned submersibles, and consideration as an ocean drilling program (ODP) drilling site.  相似文献   

英安岩中高压辉石巨晶的发现及其意义   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

路凤香  朱勤文 《地球科学》1996,21(5):541-545

在吉林省九台市官马山晚侏罗世英安岩中发现了辉石巨晶。研究表明。该巨晶不是英安岩浆的结晶产物，英安岩的岩相关及地球化学特征显示，它是酸性流纹岩浆与基性偏碱性的玄武岩浆经混合作用形成的，辉石巨晶是后一种岩浆在高压条件下结晶的产物，对辉石巨晶的温压计算结果表明，该矿物结晶温度为１２７６℃，压力为１．２７ＧＰａ。这一深度可相当于该区软流层的顶界。可以认为，晚侏罗－早白垩世火山岩形成于地壳较厚的环境。  相似文献   

湘中锑矿深源流体的地幔柱成矿演化   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

黎盛斯 《湖南地质》1996,15(3):137-142

深源流体在地幔柱热驱动下，历经长期壳幔循环，形成高浓度古水热成矿流体，为湘中锑的成矿蓄积丰沛的矿源。  相似文献   

川西北中生代特提斯沉积物地球化学特征对陆源风化条件的指示意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

顾雪祥 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1996,(1)

川西北中生代特提斯沉积物地球化学特征对陆源风化条件的指示意义顾雪祥（成都理工学院．成都６１００５９）关键词特提斯浊积岩，风化条件，元素分配型式，碱金属－碱土金属，化学变异指数地史时期的物源区现今许多已被剥蚀破坏，因而有关这类物源区的母岩性质、同化条件...  相似文献   

Observation of converted Moho reflections in the north-west of the Iberian Peninsula     

Julia Téllez  Diego Córdoba 《Geophysical Journal International》1996,124(1):7-17

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Post-eruptive seismic activity of Mount Cameroon (Cameroon), West Africa: a statistical analysis     

Bekoa Ateba  Nfomou Ntepe   《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》1997,79(1-2)

Recent seismological studies of the Cameroon Volcanic Line show that Mt. Cameroon is the most active centre, so a permanent seismic network of six seismographs was set up in its region between 1984 and 1986. The network was reinforced with temporary stations up till 1987, and the local seismicity was studied. Here we emphasise a statistical analysis of seismic events recorded by the permanent seismic stations. Four swarms lasting 9 to 14 months are identified at intervals of 2–3 years. Most earthquakes are felt (intensity and magnitude, respectively, less than VI MM and 5) during the first three swarms and a few during repose periods. The main focal regions are the northwest and southeast flanks, the Bimbia and Bioko regions in the South of the volcano. Hypocentres are distributed from the surface to 60 km depth indicating crustal and subcrustal activities. The subcrustal events are observed only in the southeast flank, they are the most regular earthquakes with a monthly frequency of 9 to 15 events. They are characteristic earthquakes with magnitude 2.8 ± 0.1. Between 1984 and 1992, their yearly mean time interval between successive events range from 50 to 86 hours. For that period their occurrence can be modelled as a stationary renewal process with a 3-day period. But the analysis of variance shows possible significant differences among yearly means. A Weibull's distribution confirms that the time intervals between successive deep events are not independent, and in 1993 a swarm of deep earthquakes is recorded, hence a non-loglinear magnitude/frequency relation. The deep seismicity is thought to be associated with a zone of weakness (perhaps a magmatic conduit) and may have some close relationship with the magmatic activity.  相似文献   

S-wave anisotropy off Lofoten, Norway, indicative of fluids in the lower continental crust?   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Rolf Mjelde  Markvard A. Sellevoll  Hideki Shimamura  Takaya Iwasaki  Toshihiko Kanazawa 《Geophysical Journal International》1995,120(1):87-96

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